The Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design in Prague (AAAD, Czech: Vysoká ?kola um?leckopr?myslová v Praze, abbreviated V?UP, also known as UMPRUM) is a public university located in Prague, Czech Republic. University is offering the study disciplines of painting, illustration and graphics, fashion design, product design, graphic design, ceramics and porcelain, photography and architecture.
Video Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design in Prague
Establishment
The Academy was founded in 1885 as the School of Applied Arts in Prague (UP?). At the time of its establishment it was the first and only state art school in Bohemia. Its mission, according to the founding charter, was "to nurture manpower skillful in the arts for the artistic industry and to train educational staff for applied arts teaching and for teaching drawing at secondary schools." It was divided into a three-year general education school and follow-up three- to five-year vocational and special schools with the disciplines of architecture, sculpture, drawing, painting, metal working, wood carving, floral painting and textiles.
The faculty staff was chosen from among the leading personalities of Czech culture. The first director of the school was the architect Franti?ek Schmoranz Jr. and the teaching staff included Franti?ek ?ení?ek (1885-1896), Josef Václav Myslbek (1885-1896), Jakub Schikaneder (1885-1923), Celda Klou?ek (1887-1917), Felix Jenewein (1890-1902) and Friedrich Ohmann (1888-1898). Among the first graduates were Jan Preisler, Stanislav Sucharda, Josef Ma?atka, Vojt?ch Preissig,[1] Franti?ek Kobliha, Bohumil Kafka, Milo? Slovák and Julius Ma?ák. In 1896, the position of the Academy of Fine Arts (AVU) was reinforced by its nationalization. Some of the teaching staff left UP? and the school focused primarily on applied arts. The architect Ji?í Stibral (1886-1920) became the new director. The faculty staff comprised Stanislav Sucharda, Jan Preisler, Karel Vít?zslav Ma?ek, Alois Dryák, Ladislav ?aloun and Jan Kot?ra. Kot?ra advocated "unity of visual culture and the creation of a modern style."
Maps Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design in Prague
Art Nouveau period
At the turn of the century, UP? became one of the centres of the Art Nouveau movement, inspired by its achievements in the late 19th century. And so the school represented Czech art at the World Exhibition in Paris in 1900, where it won the prestigious Grand Prix. The new generation of students in the early 20th century included future representatives of Czech Cubism and the interwar avant-garde - Josef ?apek, Václav Bene?, Josef Go?ár, Franti?ek Kysela, Bohumil Kubi?ta, Otakar Novotný, Linka Procházková, Jan Zrzavý, Václav ?pála, Josef ?íma, Emilie Pali?ková, Jaroslav Rössler and Pravoslav Kotík.
Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
In 1918, after the creation of Czechoslovakia, UP? failed to obtain the "High School of Decorative Arts" status it was aiming for, but nevertheless it strengthened its autonomy. From 1920 it was led by an elected rector and new artistic personalities joined the faculty staff - Pavel Janák, Franti?ek Kysela, Jaroslav Horejc, Vratislav Hugo Brunner and Helena Johnová and the art historians Antonín Mat?j?ek, Václav Vilém ?tech and Jaromír Pe?írka. In its early years of independent status, the school sought to create a "new national style", though one still based on ornament in the tradition of Art Deco (the successor of Art Nouveau with theoretical manifestos from the beginning of the century). In 1925, the school represented Czechoslovakia at the International Exhibition of Decorative Arts in Paris, where it received both official recognition and criticism from the perspective of the European avant-garde. Under the growing international influence in the late 1920s, the school began to focus on Constructivism and Functionalism. The architect Otakar Novotný was strongly influenced by the German Bauhaus. Among the graduates of the interwar period were Jan Bauch, Cyril Bouda, Karel ?erný, Toyen, Franti?ek Foltýn, ?udovít Fulla, Mikulá? Galanda, Franti?ek Gross, Franti?ek Hude?ek, Josef Kaplický, Antonín Kybal, Zden?k Sklená?, Karel Sou?ek, Ladislav Sutnar, Karel Svolinský, Ji?í Trnka and Ladislav Zívr.
Occupation and the postwar period
Following the closure of the universities in 1939, the school replaced AVU until the end of WWII. It thus strengthened its position and by a 1946 Act acquired a new status and the name Vysoká ?kola um?leckopr?myslová (The Academy of Applied Arts). A year later, in 1947, study was extended to five years, with studios across the departments of applied architecture, applied painting, applied graphic arts, textiles and clothing, applied sculpture, glassmaking, pottery and ceramics.
After February 1948
After the communist putsch in February 1948, the school was also subjected to the influence of ideological and political dogmatism. The new teachers were subordinated to socialist realism. Nevertheless, the handicraft disciplines - textiles, glass, metal and ceramics - maintained their quality, and in the fifties celebrated figures joined the faculty - such as Adolf Hoffmeister, Arsén Pohribný and Josef Wagner. The graduates of the period included Vladimír Janou?ek, V?ra Janou?ková, Hermína Melicharová, ?estmír Kafka, Milan Grygar, Stanislav Kolíbal, Stanislav Libenský, Zden?k Palcr, Adriena ?imotová, Ji?í John, Eva Kmentová, Kv?ta Pacovská, Olbram Zoubek, Jan Hladík, Jenny Hladíková, Vladimír Kopecký, Ji?í Balcar and René Roubí?ek. One of the school's successes was the awarding of the Czech pavilion at Expo 58 in Brussels. In the 1860s, the study period was extended to six years and intensive development took place especially in the art and craft disciplines. The Department of Industrial Design was also established at the former Zlín School of Art, which was merged with the Academy in 1959.
After 1968
The so-called "consolidation" influenced by the political "normalization" in the early 1970s also affected the school. A number of the personalities who had maintained its quality were obliged to leave. They included Franti?ek Muzika, Adolf Hoffmeister, Antonín Kybal, Karel Svolinský and Ji?í Trnka. The school was led by conformist Communist Party officials under the Rector Jan Simota (1973-1985) and his successor Jan Mikula.
Today
The school was reorganized after the Velvet Revolution of November 1989. At present (2014) it comprises five practical departments: architecture, design, fine arts, applied arts and graphics and a sixth, theoretical department teaching art history and aesthetics. In total there are 23 studios at the academy. The individual studios are led by respected experts. The Glass Studio is led by Rony Plesl, Ceramics by Maxim Vel?ovský, K.O.V. (Concept - Object - Meaning) by Eva Eisler, Fashion Design by Pavel Ivan?ic, Fashion and Footwear Design by Lib?na Rochová, Textile Design by Jitka ?kopová, Illustration and Graphics by Juraj Horváth, Typography by Karel Haloun, Graphic Design and Visual Communication by Rostislav Van?k, Film and TV Graphics by Jakub Zich, Graphic Design and New Media by Petr Babák, Sculpture by Dominik Lang, Painting by Ji?í ?ernický, Intermedial Confrontation by Ji?í David, Supermedia by Federico Díaz, Photography by Alexandra Vajd, Industrial Design by Ivan Dlaba?, Furniture and Interior Design by Ji?í Pelc, Product Design by Michal Fron?k and Jan N?me?ek, Architecture I by Jind?ich Smetana, Architecture II by Ivan Kroupa, Architecture III by Imrich Va?ko and Architecture IV by Roman Brychta. The architect Jind?ich Smetana has been rector of the Academy since 2011.
Contemporary alumni and tutors include the architects Eva Ji?i?ná, Jan Kaplický and Tomá? Pila?, the designers Bo?ek ?ípek and Dominika Nell Applová, the fine artists Adriena ?imotová, Jan Kubí?ek, David ?erný, Kurt Gebauer, Ji?í ?ernický, Václav Cigler and Jaroslav Róna, the graphic designers Zden?k Ziegler and Klára Kvízová, the typographer Franti?ek ?torm, the film animators Ji?í Barta, Pavel Koutský and Michaela Pavlátová and the theorists Josef Hlavá?ek and Jan Tome?.
The school building
Elevation of the school from 1882
The school building was erected in 1882-1885 according to plans by Franti?ek Schmoranz Jr. and Jan Machytka inspired directly by the art academies in Paris and Vienna. Originally, the school occupied only the wing on the Al?ov? náb?e?í embankment, while the wing facing Jan Palach Square (Czech: Nám?stí Jana Palacha) housed the Academy of Painting.
Name
The Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design is called Vysoká ?kola um?leckopr?myslová (V?UP) in Czech (literally the "College of Industrial Arts"), popularly abbreviated to "UMPRUM", though the same abbreviation is also commonly used for the Museum of Decorative Arts (Um?leckopr?myslové muzeum - UPM). In neither case, however, is the abbreviation official, nor has it ever been.
References
Source of article : Wikipedia
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